Journal: Toxics
Article Title: Effects of Diethylstilbestrol on the Structure and Function of the Spleen in Male Golden Hamsters
doi: 10.3390/toxics13050397
Figure Lengend Snippet: Effects of DES on splenic cell proliferation and apoptosis in male golden hamsters: ( A – D ) Immunohistochemical staining and quantification of proliferating cell nuclear antigen (PCNA)-positive cells in the spleen of adult male golden hamsters. ( E – H ) Immunohistochemical staining and quantification of caspase-3-positive cells in the spleen of adult male golden hamsters. ( I – L ) Immunohistochemical staining and quantification of inducible nitric oxide synthase (iNOS)-positive cells in the spleen of adult male golden hamsters. Arrows indicate positively stained cells, while “a” represents the artery. Scale bar = 30 μm. Different letters (e.g., a, b, c, d) indicate statistically significant differences between groups ( p < 0.05). Groups sharing at least one common letter are no different from each other ( p > 0.05). Data are expressed as mean ± SEM.
Article Snippet: The sections were then incubated overnight at 4 °C with primary antibodies, including mouse anti-human Proliferating Cell Nuclear Antige (PCNA) monoclonal antibody (1:2000, ZSGB-BIO, Beijng, China), rabbit anti-mouse caspase-3 polyclonal antibody (1:200, ZSGB-BIO, Beijng, China), rabbit anti-mouse inducible nitric oxide synthase (iNOS) polyclonal antibody (1:200, ZSGB-BIO, Beijng, China), mouse anti-estrogen receptor α (ERα) monoclonal antibody (1:100, Enzo Life Sciences, Inc., Farmingdale, NY, USA), rabbit anti-mouse estrogen receptor beta (ERβ) polyclonal antibody (1:300, Invitrogen, Waltham, MA, USA), and rabbit anti-mouse G protein-coupled estrogen receptor (GPER) polyclonal antibody (1:200, Novus Biologicals, Centennial, CO, USA).
Techniques: Immunohistochemical staining, Staining